What are the standardized energy-saving metrics for a base station?

(1) Energy-saving reward: after choosing a shallower sleep strategy for a base station, the system may save more energy if a deeper sleep mode can be chosen, and in this paper, the standardized energy-saving metrics are defined as (18) R i e = E S M = 0 − E S M = i E S M = 0 − E S M = 3

What is threshold-based base station sleep strategy?

Threshold-based base station sleep strategy is a common base station management method in wireless communication networks, which adjusts the operating state of the base station to save energy and improve resource utilization by dynamically setting appropriate thresholds.

Why does network sensitivity affect the energy consumption of base stations?

In addition, the high sensitivity of the existing policies to network conditions during the period when the network load is relatively smooth may lead to unnecessary and frequent switching of the sleep mode of the base stations, thus adding non-negligible additional energy consumption.

Does a base station sleep affect quality of service (QoS)?

While base station sleeping and antenna switching techniques can be effective in saving energy, they can have an impact on the Quality of Service (QoS) of users. While the base station is sleeping, the User Equipment (UE) must wait for the base station to recover or find another available base station.

What is adaptive base station sleep strategy?

Adaptive base station sleep strategy Adaptive base station sleep strategy is a strategy that dynamically adjusts the sleep and wake-up states of the base station based on real-time network conditions, user demands, and traffic modes.

Why do base stations waste so much energy?

When there is little or no communication activity, base stations typically consume more than 80% of their peak power consumption, leading to significant energy waste . This energy waste not only increases operational costs, but also burdens the environment, which is contrary to global sustainability goals .