Structurally, BMS often features a hierarchical architecture: the Battery Module Unit (BMU) oversees individual cells, the Battery Control Unit (BCU) manages packs, and the Battery Array Unit (BAU) supervises larger arrays.
[pdf] The BMS is the brain of the battery pack in a BESS, responsible for monitoring and protecting individual cells to prevent damage and extend lifespan. It measures critical parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, while calculating the State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH).
[pdf] Parallel BMS (Battery Management System) is a management solution used when multiple battery cells are connected in parallel. Its main functions are to monitor parameters such as voltage and temperature, ensuring the safety and performance of the batteries.
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